The six most beloved disciples of Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu are known as the Ṣaḍ-Goswāmīs of Vrindavan. These six saints were entrusted by Chaitanya Mahaprabhu to discover, restore, and preserve the lost holy places of Vrindavan, and to systematically write down the philosophy of Gaudiya Vaishnavism.

1. Rupa Goswami
2. Sanatana Goswami
3. Raghunatha Bhatta Goswami
4. Raghunatha dasa Goswami
5. Gopala Bhatta Goswami
6. Jiva Goswami

The Dashavatara refers to the ten principal incarnations of Lord Vishnu that are the most widely worshipped and symbolically represent major phases in cosmic evolution and the restoration of dharma. These ten are drawn mainly from Garuda Purana, Agni Purana, Padma Purana, Narada Purana, and Varaha Purana, and are a condensed devotional list rather than a complete enumeration. In contrast, the 24 avatars listed in the Bhagavata Purana (Canto 1, Chapter 3) include the Dashavatara plus many other manifestations — such as sages, kings, and partial incarnations — each appearing for specific purposes like teaching spiritual knowledge, protecting devotees, or guiding humanity. While the Dashavatara focuses on the most significant cosmic interventions, the broader 24-avatar list presents a more detailed and scriptural record of Vishnu’s manifestations across different yugas and contexts.

The 10 avatars of Lord Vishnu, collectively known as the Dashavatara, are:

1. Kām (काम) – Lust / uncontrolled desire.
2. Krodh (क्रोध) – Anger / rage.
3. Lobh (लोभ) – Greed / excessive material craving.
4. Moh (मोह) – Attachment / delusion.
5. Ahankār (अहंकार) – Ego / pride.

These are considered inner impurities that obstruct spiritual progress.

1. Prithvi (Earth) – Represents stability, solidity, and structure.
2. Apas / Jala (Water) – Represents fluidity, adaptability, and cohesion.
3. Agni (Fire) – Represents transformation, energy, and metabolism.
4. Vayu (Air) – Represents movement, breath, and expansion.
5. Akasha (Ether / Space) – Represents vastness, emptiness, and the field in which everything exists.

In Hindu Tantra tradition, the Daśa Mahāvidyā (Ten Great Wisdom Goddesses) are forms of the Divine Mother (Adi Shakti), each representing a unique cosmic power, spiritual truth, and aspect of consciousness.

1. Kālī – The fierce, transformative mother goddess; destroys ignorance and ego.
2. Tārā – The saviouress and guide; associated with protection and knowledge.
3. Tripurasundarī (Śodashī / Lalitā) – The goddess of beauty, bliss, and supreme consciousness.
4. Bhuvaneshvarī – The ruler of the worlds; embodies space and universal order.
5. Chinnamastā – The self-decapitated goddess symbolizing self-sacrifice, transformation, and life-force.
6. Bhairavī – Fierce and fiery; represents divine wrath against evil and intense spiritual discipline.
7. Dhūmāvatī – The widow goddess; embodies the void, detachment, and transcendence beyond illusion.
8. Bagalāmukhī – The paralyzer of enemies; symbolizes control over harmful forces and speech.
9. Mātangī – Goddess of inner wisdom, speech, and the outcast; patron of unconventional knowledge.
10. Kamalā – The lotus goddess of prosperity, abundance, and purity (a tantric form of Lakshmi).

In the Vaishnava tradition, especially in Gaudiya Vaishnavism and Braj lore, the Aṣṭa-sakhī are the eight closest and most intimate companions of Shri Radha Rani who assist in her pastimes with Shri Krishna in Vrindavan.

1. Lalita Sakhi – Eldest and leader among the sakhis; very protective of Radha.
2. Vishakha Sakhi – Wise and skilled in arranging meetings between Radha and Krishna.
3. Chitra Sakhi – Expert in arts, painting, and decorating groves.
4. Champakalata Sakhi – Clever and diplomatic, skilled in sweet-talking.
5. Tungavidya Sakhi – Master of scriptures, music, and dance.
6. Indulekha Sakhi – Quick-witted, sharp in speech, and bold.
7. Rangadevi Sakhi – Playful and skilled in creating joyful moods.
8. Sudevi Sakhi – Calm, devoted, and Radha’s constant attendant.

The five heads of Hanuman, or the Panchamukhi form, symbolize the powers and qualities of different deities:

1. Hanuman face – Symbol of strength, devotion, and courage.
2. Narasimha face – Symbol of destroying evil and protecting righteousness.
3. Garuda face – Symbol of protection from snakes and poison.
4. Varaha face – Symbol of rescuing the Earth and providing stability.
5. Hayagriva face – Symbol of knowledge, wisdom, and learning.

The Pancha Kailash refers to five highly revered Kailash mountain pilgrimage sites, each considered an earthly manifestation of Mount Kailash, the mythical abode of Lord Shiva.

The Pancha Bhoota Sthalas are five famous Shiva temples in South India, each representing one of the five elements (Pancha Bhootas) in nature — Earth, Water, Fire, Air, and Space.

The five Panch Kedar temples in India (all located in Uttarakhand) are:

1. Kedarnath
2. Tungnath
3. Rudranath
4. Madhyamaheshwar
5. Kalpeshwar

1. Somnath – Gujarat
2. Mallikarjuna – Andhra Pradesh
3. Mahakaleshwar – Madhya Pradesh
4. Omkareshwar – Madhya Pradesh
5. Kedarnath – Uttarakhand
6. Bhimashankar – Maharashtra
7. Kashi Vishwanath – Uttar Pradesh
8. Trimbakeshwar – Maharashtra
9. Vaidyanath (Vaijnath) – Jharkhand 
10. Nageshwar – Gujarat
11. Ramanathaswamy – Tamil Nadu
12. Grishneshwar – Maharashtra

Whenever and wherever there is a decline of righteousness (dharma) and a rise of unrighteousness (adharma), O Bharata (Arjuna), at that time I manifest Myself.

For the protection of the virtuous, for the destruction of the wicked, and for the establishment of righteousness, I manifest Myself age after age.